我们解决了在存在障碍物的情况下，通过一系列航路点来解决四肢飞行的最低时间飞行问题，同时利用了完整的四型动力学。早期作品依赖于简化的动力学或多项式轨迹表示，而这些动力学或多项式轨迹表示，这些表示没有利用四四光的全部执行器电位，因此导致了次优溶液。最近的作品可以计划最小的时间轨迹；然而，轨迹是通过无法解释障碍的控制方法执行的。因此，由于模型不匹配和机上干扰，成功执行此类轨迹很容易出现错误。为此，我们利用深厚的强化学习和经典的拓扑路径计划来训练强大的神经网络控制器，以在混乱的环境中为最少的四型四型飞行。由此产生的神经网络控制器表现出比最新方法相比，高达19％的性能要高得多。更重要的是，博学的政策同时在线解决了计划和控制问题，以解决干扰，从而实现更高的鲁棒性。因此，提出的方法在没有碰撞的情况下实现了100％的最低时间策略的成功率，而传统的计划和控制方法仅获得40％。所提出的方法在模拟和现实世界中均已验证，四速速度高达42公里/小时，加速度为3.6g。

在本文中，我们解决了使用时间优势控制策略驾驶四极管的问题，这些政策可以在环境变化或遇到未知的干扰时在线重新认可。这个问题具有挑战性，因为考虑到完整的四项动力学的时间优势轨迹在计算上的生成昂贵（分钟或什至数小时）。我们引入了一种基于抽样的方法，用于有效地生成点质量模型的时间优势路径。然后，使用模型预测性轮廓控制方法跟踪这些路径，该方法考虑了完整的四型动力学和单转子推力极限。我们的组合方法能够实时运行，这是能够适应更改的首次最佳方法。我们通过在大门移动的赛车轨道上以超过60 km/h的速度飞行四肢旋转器，展示了我们的方法的适应能力。此外，我们表明我们的在线重新植物方法可以应对由高达68 km/h的强烈干扰。

我们提出了通过现实的模拟和现实世界实验来支持可复制研究的多运动无人机控制（UAV）和估计系统。我们提出了一个独特的多帧本地化范式，用于同时使用多个传感器同时估算各种参考框架中的无人机状态。该系统可以在GNSS和GNSS贬低的环境中进行复杂的任务，包括室外室内过渡和执行冗余估计器，以备份不可靠的本地化源。提出了两种反馈控制设计：一个用于精确和激进的操作，另一个用于稳定和平稳的飞行，并进行嘈杂的状态估计。拟议的控制和估计管道是在3D中使用Euler/Tait-Bryan角度表示的，而无需使用Euler/Tait-Bryan角度表示。取而代之的是，我们依靠旋转矩阵和一个新颖的基于标题的惯例来代表标准多电流直升机3D中的一个自由旋转自由度。我们提供了积极维护且有据可查的开源实现，包括对无人机，传感器和本地化系统的现实模拟。拟议的系统是多年应用系统，空中群，空中操纵，运动计划和遥感的多年研究产物。我们所有的结果都得到了现实世界中的部署的支持，该系统部署将系统塑造成此处介绍的表单。此外，该系统是在我们团队从布拉格的CTU参与期间使用的，该系统在享有声望的MBZIRC 2017和2020 Robotics竞赛中，还参加了DARPA SubT挑战赛。每次，我们的团队都能在世界各地最好的竞争对手中获得最高位置。在每种情况下，挑战都促使团队改善系统，并在紧迫的期限内获得大量高质量的体验。

We present a dynamic path planning algorithm to navigate an amphibious rotor craft through a concave time-invariant obstacle field while attempting to minimize energy usage. We create a nonlinear quaternion state model that represents the rotor craft dynamics above and below the water. The 6 degree of freedom dynamics used within a layered architecture to generate motion paths for the vehicle to follow and the required control inputs. The rotor craft has a 3 dimensional map of its surroundings that is updated via limited range onboard sensor readings within the current medium (air or water). Path planning is done via PRM and D* Lite.

Nine language-vision AI models trained on web scrapes with the Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) objective are evaluated for evidence of a bias studied by psychologists: the sexual objectification of girls and women, which occurs when a person's human characteristics are disregarded and the person is treated as a body or a collection of body parts. A first experiment uses standardized images of women from the Sexual OBjectification and EMotion Database, and finds that, commensurate with prior research in psychology, human characteristics are disassociated from images of objectified women: the model's recognition of emotional state is mediated by whether the subject is fully or partially clothed. Embedding association tests (EATs) return significant effect sizes for both anger (d >.8) and sadness (d >.5). A second experiment measures the effect in a representative application: an automatic image captioner (Antarctic Captions) includes words denoting emotion less than 50% as often for images of partially clothed women than for images of fully clothed women. A third experiment finds that images of female professionals (scientists, doctors, executives) are likely to be associated with sexual descriptions relative to images of male professionals. A fourth experiment shows that a prompt of "a [age] year old girl" generates sexualized images (as determined by an NSFW classifier) up to 73% of the time for VQGAN-CLIP (age 17), and up to 40% of the time for Stable Diffusion (ages 14 and 18); the corresponding rate for boys never surpasses 9%. The evidence indicates that language-vision AI models trained on automatically collected web scrapes learn biases of sexual objectification, which propagate to downstream applications.

Algorithms that involve both forecasting and optimization are at the core of solutions to many difficult real-world problems, such as in supply chains (inventory optimization), traffic, and in the transition towards carbon-free energy generation in battery/load/production scheduling in sustainable energy systems. Typically, in these scenarios we want to solve an optimization problem that depends on unknown future values, which therefore need to be forecast. As both forecasting and optimization are difficult problems in their own right, relatively few research has been done in this area. This paper presents the findings of the ``IEEE-CIS Technical Challenge on Predict+Optimize for Renewable Energy Scheduling," held in 2021. We present a comparison and evaluation of the seven highest-ranked solutions in the competition, to provide researchers with a benchmark problem and to establish the state of the art for this benchmark, with the aim to foster and facilitate research in this area. The competition used data from the Monash Microgrid, as well as weather data and energy market data. It then focused on two main challenges: forecasting renewable energy production and demand, and obtaining an optimal schedule for the activities (lectures) and on-site batteries that lead to the lowest cost of energy. The most accurate forecasts were obtained by gradient-boosted tree and random forest models, and optimization was mostly performed using mixed integer linear and quadratic programming. The winning method predicted different scenarios and optimized over all scenarios jointly using a sample average approximation method.

We apply the vision transformer, a deep machine learning model build around the attention mechanism, on mel-spectrogram representations of raw audio recordings. When adding mel-based data augmentation techniques and sample-weighting, we achieve comparable performance on both (PRS and CCS challenge) tasks of ComParE21, outperforming most single model baselines. We further introduce overlapping vertical patching and evaluate the influence of parameter configurations. Index Terms: audio classification, attention, mel-spectrogram, unbalanced data-sets, computational paralinguistics

Common to all different kinds of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is the intention to model relations between data points through time. When there is no immediate relationship between subsequent data points (like when the data points are generated at random, e.g.), we show that RNNs are still able to remember a few data points back into the sequence by memorizing them by heart using standard backpropagation. However, we also show that for classical RNNs, LSTM and GRU networks the distance of data points between recurrent calls that can be reproduced this way is highly limited (compared to even a loose connection between data points) and subject to various constraints imposed by the type and size of the RNN in question. This implies the existence of a hard limit (way below the information-theoretic one) for the distance between related data points within which RNNs are still able to recognize said relation.

The proliferation of automatic faithfulness metrics for summarization has produced a need for benchmarks to evaluate them. While existing benchmarks measure the correlation with human judgements of faithfulness on model-generated summaries, they are insufficient for diagnosing whether metrics are: 1) consistent, i.e., decrease as errors are introduced into a summary, 2) effective on human-written texts, and 3) sensitive to different error types (as summaries can contain multiple errors). To address these needs, we present a benchmark of unfaithful minimal pairs (BUMP), a dataset of 889 human-written, minimally different summary pairs, where a single error (from an ontology of 7 types) is introduced to a summary from the CNN/DailyMail dataset to produce an unfaithful summary. We find BUMP complements existing benchmarks in a number of ways: 1) the summaries in BUMP are harder to discriminate and less probable under SOTA summarization models, 2) BUMP enables measuring the consistency of metrics, and reveals that the most discriminative metrics tend not to be the most consistent, 3) BUMP enables the measurement of metrics' performance on individual error types and highlights areas of weakness for future work.

Earthquakes, fire, and floods often cause structural collapses of buildings. The inspection of damaged buildings poses a high risk for emergency forces or is even impossible, though. We present three recent selected missions of the Robotics Task Force of the German Rescue Robotics Center, where both ground and aerial robots were used to explore destroyed buildings. We describe and reflect the missions as well as the lessons learned that have resulted from them. In order to make robots from research laboratories fit for real operations, realistic test environments were set up for outdoor and indoor use and tested in regular exercises by researchers and emergency forces. Based on this experience, the robots and their control software were significantly improved. Furthermore, top teams of researchers and first responders were formed, each with realistic assessments of the operational and practical suitability of robotic systems.